Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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An adolescent with fever and neck stiffness has gram-negative diplococci in cerebrospinal fluid. The isolate is oxidase positive and grows on chocolate agar. A second isolate from an adult with purulent urethritis has the same Gram stain and oxidase results. The laboratory uses classic carbohydrate-utilization tests to distinguish the two.